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GREAT WALL OF CHINA
The Great Wall ends at Jiayu Pass, there are watchtowers extending beyond Jiayu Pass along the Silk Road. These towers communicated by smoke to signal invasion. The Manchus crossed the Wall by convincing a crucial general Wu Sangui to open the gates of Shahai Pass and allow the Manchus to cross. Legend has it that they took three days for the Manchu armies to pass. After they conquered China, the Wall was of no strategic value as the people who the Wall was intended to keep out were ruling the country (becoming the Qing Dynasty).  
The government ordered people to work on the wall, and workers were under constant danger of being attacked by brigands. Because many people died while building the wall, it is often called the "longest cemetery on Earth".  MAJOR
GATESSignificant passes include: Shanhai Pass, Juyong Pass, and Niángzi Pass CONDITIONWhile some portions near tourist centers have been preserved and even reconstructed, in most locations the Wall is in disrepair, serving as a playground for some villages and a source of stones to rebuild houses and roads. Sections of the Wall are also prone to graffiti. Parts have been bulldozed because the Wall is in the way of construction projects. The China Great Wall Society works to preserve the Wall. Through June 2003, the Chinese government still had no laws written to protect the Wall nationwide. However, Beijing has enacted local legislation which would prohibit visits to the "wild Great Wall" or parts not open to the public; this has been in force since August 2003. WATCHTOWERS
AND BARRACKSThe wall is interrupted by defensive fighting stations, to which wall defenders may retreat if overwhelmed. Each tower has unique and restricted stairways and entries to confuse attackers. Barracks and administrative centers are located at larger intervals. SPECIALIZED
DEFENSE WEAPONSIn addition to the usual miltary weapons of the period, specialized wall defense weapons were used. Reproductions of these weapons are displayed at the wall. MATERIALSThe materials used are those available near the site of construction. Near Beijing the wall is constructed from quarried limestone blocks. In other locations it may be quarried granite or fired brick. Where such materials are used two finished walls are erected with earth and rubble fill placed in between with a final paving to form a single unit. In the extreme western desert locations where good materials are scarce the wall was constructed from dirt rammed between rough wood tied together with woven mats. RECOGNITIONThe Wall is sometimes included in lists of the "Seven Wonders of the Modern World," but was of course not one of the classical Seven Wonders of the World recognized by the ancient Greeks. The Wall was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987. In 1938, Richard Halliburton's Second Book of Marvels stated that the Great Wall is the only man-made object that can be seen from the moon. This statement has persisted, assuming urban legend status and sometimes entering textbooks. If taken to mean that the Great Wall can be seen with the unaided eye from the distance of the moon, it is untrue. However, from low earth orbit, about a thousand times nearer than the moon, it may be visible under favorable conditions. The Great Wall is only a few meters wide and is comparable to many other structures, such as highways and airport runways. Astronauts give varying reports. This variation is not surprising; amateur astronomers know that features on the moon that are dramatically visible at times can be undetectable on others, due to changes in lighting direction. One shuttle astronaut reported that "we can see things as small as airport runways [but] the Great Wall is almost invisible from only 180 miles (290 km) up." Astronaut William Pogue thought he had seen it from Skylab but discovered he was actually viewing the Grand Canal near Peking. He did succeed in spotting the Great Wall with binoculars but stated that "it wasn't visible to the unaided eye." Recently, Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei said he couldn't see it at all. An Apollo astronaut reported that no human structures at all were visible at a distance of a few thousand miles. Meanwhile, veteran U.S. astronaut Gene Cernan has stated: "At Earth orbit of 160 km to 320 km high, the Great Wall of China is indeed visible to the naked eye." Regardless of how visible the Great Wall is when viewed by the unaided eye from low earth orbit, the notion that the Great Wall has a unique and superlative visibility, exceeding that of other great public works, is a myth. More Introduction of the great wall of china: Great Wall in Beijing SiMaTai Great Wall SiMaTai Great Wall JianKou Great Wall MuTianYu Great Wall BaDaLing Great Wall Huanghuacheng great wall Juyong Guan Pass GuBeiKou Great wall Jinshanling great wall Underwater Great wall Great wall in North west China Wuwei Great Wall Great Wall at Hushan Dun Hua Great Wall Zhangye Great Wall Jiayu Pass Great Wall Yangguan Great Wall YanmenQuan Great Wall Yanmen Fortress great wall Shizuishan Great Wall Huang YaGuan great wall JiuQuan Great Wall WangXiaoTemple near great wall NiangziGuan pass Great wall in North east China Happy meeting fortress ShanHaiPass Great Wall Zhen Bei Tai Tower shimenzi Great wall Jiu MenKou Great Wall Pianguan pass Zijinguan Pass Great wall stories Why Build the great wall Lady Meng cry great wall Overhanging Great wall Ten brothers and the great wall Yang generals Special custom of Jiayu pass Wu SanHui and ChenYuanYuan wonder of the world beginning of the Great wall Magic of the Great wall Secrets of Great wall Great wall from space change of Great wall foreigner view of Great wall Great wall by radar Great wall again Map of Great wall ¡¡ |
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