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Great Wall of China
 These
radar images show two segments of the Great Wall of China in a desert region of
north-central China, about 700 kilometers (434 miles) west of Beijing. The wall
appears as a thin orange band, running from the top to the bottom of the left
image, and from the middle upper-left to the lower-right of the right image.
These segments of the Great Wall were constructed in the 15th century, during
the Ming Dynasty. The wall is between 5 and 8 meters high (16 to 26 feet) in
these areas. The entire wall is about 3,000 kilometers (1,864 miles) long and
about 150 kilometers (93 miles) of the wall appear in these two images. The wall
is easily detected from space by radar because its steep, smooth sides provide a
prominent surface for reflection of the radar beam. Near the center of the left
image, two dry lake beds have been developed for salt extraction. Rectangular
patterns in both images indicate agricultural development, primarily wheat
fields. The images were acquired by the Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-Band
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) onboard the space shuttle Endeavour on
April 10, 1994. SIR-C/X-SAR, a joint mission of the German, Italian and the
United States space agencies, is part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth. The
left image is centered at 37.7 degrees North latitude and 107.5 degrees East
longitude. The right image is centered at 37.5 degrees North latitude and 108.1
degrees East longitude. North is toward the upper right. Each area shown
measures 25 kilometers by 75 kilometers (15.5 miles by 45.5 miles). The colors
in the image are assigned to different frequencies and polarizations of the
radar as follows: red is L- band horizontally transmitted, horizontally
received; green is L- band horizontally transmitted, vertically received; blue
is C-band horizontally transmitted, vertically received.
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